Advancements in Laser Cytometry

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Flow cytometry is a technique used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of a population of cells or particles in a liquid suspension. It involves passing the cells or particles through a beam of light, such as a laser, and measuring the light scattered or emitted by the cells as they pass through the beam. By analyzing the scattered or emitted light, it is possible to determine the size, shape, and other characteristics of the cells or particles.
Flow cytometry is a powerful tool that is used in a wide range of applications, including cell sorting, cell counting, protein analysis, DNA analysis, and many other types of scientific and medical research. It is commonly used in research laboratories, hospitals, and other scientific and medical institutions.

A new technique advancing flow cytometry is Time-Resolved Flow Cytometry or TRFC. “Time-resolved flow cytometry represents an alternative to commonly applied spectral or intensity multiplexing in bioanalytics. At present, the vast majority of the reports on this topic focuses on phase-domain techniques and specific applications. In this report, we present a flow cytometry platform with time-resolved detection based on a compact setup and straightforward time-domain measurements utilizing lifetime-encoded beads with lifetimes in the nanosecond range. We provide general assessment of time-domain flow cytometry and discuss the concept of this platform to address achievable resolution limits, data analysis, and requirements on suitable encoding dyes. Experimental data are complemented by numerical calculations on photon count numbers and impact of noise and measurement time on the obtained lifetime values.” Abstract from “Luminescence lifetime encoding in time-domain flow cytometry” Cited: https://rdcu.be/c396V

Authors and Affiliations
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Biophotonics Division 1.2, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
Daniel Kage, Katrin Hoffmann & Ute Resch-Genger
Quantum Analysis GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149, Münster, Germany
Marc Wittkamp, Jens Ameskamp & Wolfgang Göhde
Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
Daniel Kage

ISAC, Cell Research

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ABOUT ISAC

Their Mission
ISAC’s mission is to serve a multidisciplinary community by leading technological innovation, scholarship, and the exchange of knowledge in the quantitative cell sciences.

Who They Are
What is Cytometry?
Cytometry is the quantitative analysis of cells and cell systems. A wide range of cutting edge techniques are used to perform cytometry which plays a crucial role in advancing the frontiers of biology, medicine, and technology.
Visit ISAC at https://isac-net.org/

Optogentics/Neuroscience

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Optogenetics is a technique that uses light-sensitive proteins, called opsins, to control the activity of cells in living organisms. These opsins, when expressed in cells, can be activated or inhibited by specific wavelengths of light. Optogenetics is based on the principle that, by expressing opsins in specific cells or cell populations, it is possible to selectively control their activity, opening the possibility of studying neural circuits and other cellular processes in a precise and specific way.

Optogenetics is a powerful tool that is widely used in neuroscience, biology, and other fields of research. It allows researchers to study the activity of specific cells or cell populations in the brain, to manipulate the activity of cells in a precise and specific way, and to study the effects of this manipulation on behavior and other physiological processes.

There are two main types of optogenetics, depending on the type of opsin used:

“Opto-excitation” uses opsins that increase the activity of the cell when exposed to light.
“Opto-inhibition” uses opsins that decrease the activity of the cell when exposed to light.
Optogenetics is a complex technique that requires a combination of genetic engineering, molecular biology, and optics. It’s a powerful tool that enables researchers to study the neural circuits and cellular processes in living organisms in a precise and specific way, which can help to understand the underlying mechanisms of many diseases and disorders.

Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It is a multidisciplinary field that draws on knowledge from many different areas of science, including biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics.

The goal of neuroscience is to understand how the nervous system functions, how it processes information, and how it controls behavior and other physiological processes. To achieve this goal, neuroscientists use a wide range of techniques, including genetics, imaging, physiology, and electrophysiology to study the structure, function, development, and evolution of the nervous system at different levels, from molecules and cells to systems and behavior.

Neuroscience encompasses a wide range of subfields, including:

  • Cell and molecular neuroscience, which focuses on the biology of nerve cells and the molecules that regulate their activity.
  • Developmental neuroscience, which examines the development of the nervous system from the earliest stages of life.
  • Systems neuroscience, which studies the organization and function of neural circuits and the way in which they process information.
  • Cognitive neuroscience, which examines the neural basis of cognition, perception, and behavior.
    Computational neuroscience, which uses mathematical and computational methods to model neural systems and understand the underlying principles of neural computation.

Neuroscience has a wide range of applications in medicine, psychology, education, and other fields. In Medicine, it’s used to help understand and treat neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, depression, schizophrenia, and many others. In psychology, it’s used to understand the neural basis of behavior, perception, and cognition and to develop new treatments for disorders such as anxiety and PTSD.

Confocal Microscopy

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Stradus Laser in NicoLase

Diode laser units are convenient for fluorescence microscopy and super-resolution microscopy due to their high power and ease of use. A couple dozen lines are avaliable from most makers to cover UV through mid-IR applications. With the addition of direct modulation avaliable on nearly all modern units there’s no need for an AOTF or other tuning or power modulation control in addition to the diodes themselves.

The NicoLase is built primarily around Vortran Stradus laser diode units. These are a standardized size for each line, reasonably priced, and produce a large amount of power for their size and cost. Nearly all produce enough power for dSTORM work. These units can be digitally modulated at a high rate (usually up to 2 MHz) and potentially analog modulated if desired. I don’t have any financial reason for recommending these units, just a satisfied customer.

journals.plos.org-NicoLase
https://github.com/PRNicovich/NicoLase